Alogliptin

 Alogliptin, sold under the brand names Nesina and Vipidia,[1][2]) is an oral anti-diabetic drug in the DPP-4 inhibitor (gliptin) class.[3] Alogliptin does not decrease the risk of heart attack and stroke. Like other members of the gliptin class, it causes little or no weight gain, exhibits relatively little risk of hypoglycemia, and has relatively modest glucose-lowering activity. Alogliptin and other gliptins are commonly used in combination with metformin in people whose diabetes cannot adequately be controlled with metformin alone.[4]

Alogliptin
Alogliptin.svg
Clinical data
Trade namesNesina, Vipidia
Kazano, Vipidomet (with metformin)
Oseni, Incresync (with pioglitazone)
Other namesSYR-322
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa613026
License data
  • EU EMA: by INN
  • US DailyMed: Alogliptin
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: B3
Routes of
administration		By mouth
ATC code
  • A10BH04 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal status
  • AU: S4 (Prescription only)
  • US: ℞-only
  • EU: Rx-only
  • In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability100%
Protein binding20%
MetabolismLimited, liver (CYP2D6- and 3A4-mediated)
Elimination half-life12–21 hours
ExcretionKidney (major) and fecal (minor)
Identifiers
IUPAC name
  • 2-({6-[(3R)-3-Aminopiperidin-1-yl]-3-methyl-2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl}methyl)benzonitrile
CAS Number
  • 850649-61-5 check
  • benzoate: 850649-62-6 check
PubChem CID
  • 11450633
IUPHAR/BPS
  • 6319
ChemSpider
  • 9625485 check
UNII
  • JHC049LO86
  • benzoate: EEN99869SC check
KEGG
  • D06553 check
ChEBI
  • CHEBI:72323 ☒
ChEMBL
  • ChEMBL376359 check
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
  • DTXSID90234130 Edit this at Wikidata
ECHA InfoCard100.256.501 Edit this at Wikidata
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC18H21N5O2
Molar mass339.399 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • Interactive image
SMILES
  • N#Cc3ccccc3CN\1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)/C=C/1N2CCC[C@@H](N)C2
InChI
  • InChI=1S/C18H21N5O2/c1-21-17(24)9-16(22-8-4-7-15(20)12-22)23(18(21)25)11-14-6-3-2-5-13(14)10-19/h2-3,5-6,9,15H,4,7-8,11-12,20H2,1H3/t15-/m1/s1 check
  • Key:ZSBOMTDTBDDKMP-OAHLLOKOSA-N check
 ☒check (what is this?)  (verify)

In April 2016, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) added a warning about increased risk of heart failure.[5] It was developed by Syrrx, a company which was acquired by Takeda Pharmaceutical Company in 2005.[6]

Medical usesEdit

Alogliptin is a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor that decreases blood sugar similar to the other.[7]

Side effectsEdit

Adverse events include mild hypoglycemia based on clinical studies.[8][9][10] Alogliptin is not associated with increased weight, increased risk of cardiovascular events.[11][12] It may also cause joint pain that can be severe and disabling.[13] In April 2016, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) added a warning about increased risk of heart failure.[5]

Market accessEdit

Alogliptin tablets sales in Mainland China. Specification is 25mg * 10 tablets.

In December 2007, Takeda submitted a New Drug Application (NDA) for alogliptin to the United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA),[14] after positive results from Phase III clinical trials.[1] In September 2008, the company also filed for approval in Japan,[15] winning approval in April 2010.[14] The company also filed a Marketing Authorization Application (MAA) elsewhere outside the United States, which was withdrawn in June 2009 needing more data.[15] The first USFDA NDA failed to gain approval and was followed by a pair of NDAs (one for alogliptin and a second for a combination of alogliptin and pioglitazone) in July 2011.[14] In 2012, Takeda received a negative response from the USFDA on both of these NDAs, citing a need for additional data.[14]

In 2013, the FDA approved the drug in three formulations: as a stand-alone with the brand-name Nesina, combined with metformin using the name Kazano, and when combined with pioglitazone as Oseni.

This article uses material from the Wikipedia article
 Metasyntactic variable, which is released under the 
Creative Commons
Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.